Riding the sugar rollercoaster: how blood sugar swings sabotage your mood

by Lottie Miles
PhD in Exercise & Sport Science | ARC Gym & Fitness Manager


The "sugar roller coaster" refers to the fluctuations in blood glucose levels that occur after consuming high-sugar foods. When a person ingests simple sugars, these are rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream, causing a swift rise in blood glucose. This triggers the pancreas to release insulin, a hormone that helps cells absorb glucose. The surge in insulin often leads to a rapid decrease in blood glucose levels, resulting in a phenomenon known as reactive hypoglycemia.

This sharp decline in blood sugar can produce symptoms such as irritability, fatigue, and anxiety. The brain, which relies heavily on glucose as its primary energy source, is particularly sensitive to these changes. When glucose levels drop suddenly, cognitive function can be impaired, leading to mood disturbances.

The initial spike in blood sugar can create a temporary feeling of energy and euphoria, but as levels drop, this can be replaced by feelings of lethargy and depression. This cycle may lead to cravings for more sugar, perpetuating the roller coaster effect.

Over time, repeated exposure to these blood sugar fluctuations can exacerbate mood disorders and contribute to long-term metabolic issues, including insulin resistance. Thus, maintaining stable blood glucose levels through a balanced diet is crucial for mood regulation and overall mental health.